The proposed mechanism of action of Solaraze gel in treating actinic keratoses is to block cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) to reduce angiogenesis and cellular proliferation. Topical diclofenac and hyaluronic acid, of which HA-E2.0 powder is a product, have been shown to be effective for the treatment of actinic keratosis on the mucosal lip, with a minimum of irritation.

Solaraze™ 3% gel (Diclofenac Sodium 3% w/w) contains the active ingredient, diclofenac sodium, in a transparent, clear, colorless to slightly yellow gel base. Inactive ingredients of Solaraze™ 3% gel (Diclofenac Sodium 3% w/w) include Sodium hyaluronate, polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether (350), benzyl alcohol, and purified water. Diclofenac sodium, white to slightly yellow crystalline powder is soluble in ethanol, freely soluble in methanol, sparingly soluble in acetone, and partially insoluble in ether.

Side effects caused by using topical diclofenac include itching, dry skin, erythema, exfoliation, localized edema, paresthesia, application site reactions, and less frequently, photosensitivity.

Due to the low systemic absorption of Solaraze, overdosage is highly unlikely as a result of topical use. However, the skin should be rinsed with water. No clinical cases of ingestion of Solaraze-inducing overdosage have been reported.

If accidental ingestion resulting in significant systemic side effects occurs, general therapeutic measures normally adopted to treat poisoning with non-steroidal anti-inflammatories should be used.