Intra-articular injection

It is used to treat knee pain in patients with osteoarthritis who are not receiving relief from other treatments. It is injected into the joint capsule to act as a shock absorber and lubricant for the joint. Thus, sodium hyaluronate is used as a viscosupplement to increase the viscosity of the synovial fluid through a series of injections into the knee joint, helping to lubricate, cushion, and reduce joint pain. It is often used as a last resort before surgery and provides symptomatic treatment to relieve pain by restoring viscoelasticity to the joint fluid and stimulating the production of new substances from the synovial fluid.

The use of sodium hyaluronate may reduce the need for joint replacement. Injections appear to improve effectiveness at 4 weeks, peak at 8 weeks, and maintain some effectiveness at 6 months, with greater benefit for osteoarthritis than oral analgesics. It may also be effective when used with the ankle joint.

Intraocular viscoelastic injection

It is used as an adjuvant for atrial and vitreous humor in ophthalmic surgery, such as for cataract extraction (intracapsular and extracapsular), IOL implantation, corneal transplantation, glaucoma filtration, and retinal attachment surgery, and for the treatment of the dry eye.

In surgical procedures on the anterior segment of the eye, the viscoelasticity of sodium hyaluronate drops enables the maintenance of a deep chamber during surgical operations, as the solution does not flow out of the open anterior chamber, thus allowing efficient manipulation with less trauma to the corneal endothelium and other surrounding tissues of the eye. Its viscoelasticity also helps push the vitreous face back and prevents the formation of a postoperative flattened cavity.

In posterior segment surgery, sodium hyaluronate is used as a surgical aid to gently separate, manipulate and fix the tissue. It creates a clear field of view for intraoperative and postoperative examination of the retina and photocoagulation.

Sodium hyaluronate is also used to coat the bladder lining in the treatment of interstitial cystitis.

Skin injections in plastic surgery

Sodium hyaluronate is injected to reduce the appearance of wrinkles on the face. As of 2017, the FDA has approved 13 hyaluronate preparations as so-called dermal fillers. They are also used as fillers for the lips or other parts of the body, although not approved by the FDA. The filler effect is temporary, lasting about six months or longer in most people.

Topical application

The topical application of sodium hyaluronate promotes the absorption of biomolecules (i.e., drugs) and acts as a nano-carrier. Its effect on the skin depends on the hyaluronate formulation and skin health: in skin lacking a barrier, it limits the delivery of biomacromolecules to the stratum corneum and the viable epidermis. In normal skin, low molecular weight hyaluronate (5 kDa) enhances the penetration into the epidermis.

Transepidermal water loss increased by 55.5% in the low molecular weight group, decreased by 28% in the cross-linked elastic group, and decreased by 16% in the HMW group. The addition of skin care creams became popular in the second millennium. Its efficacy on wrinkles has not been tested in clinical trials.

Dry, scaly skin, such as that caused by atopic dermatitis, can be treated with lotions or other skin products that contain sodium hyaluronate as their active ingredient.

Higher molecular weight hyaluronates appear to last longer in the lungs after dropping into the lungs, but if >215 kD, lung infiltration and mucociliary clearance are poor. Hyaluronates may allow access to lymph nodes that drain the lung bed.

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Sodium hyaluronate is a chemical compound made from hyaluronic acid. As the name suggests, sodium hyaluronate is a salt of hyaluronic acid. This is just one of two known hyaluronate salts, as hyaluronic acid has two salts: potassium hyaluronate and sodium hyaluronate.

Hyaluronic acid is a naturally occurring acid. The body produces it in copious amounts in areas like the joints, the eyes, and the skin. Hyaluronic acid aids the lubrication of tissues. It can absorb and retain water levels up to 1000 times greater than its weight.

Sodium hyaluronate is synthesized from hyaluronic acid and has similar capabilities.

Sodium hyaluronate can absorb and retain water far above its weight. It has a smaller molecular structure than hyaluronic acid. It is, therefore, more stable than hyaluronic acid. It also has a more excellent oxidation resistance.

Hyaluronic acid and sodium hyaluronate are suitable in skincare products due to their moisturizing abilities. They also aid the skin in looking plumpy, supple, and fresh.

Differences Between Hyaluronic Acid and Sodium Hyaluronate

Hyaluronic acid is the naturally occurring material from which sodium hyaluronate is extracted. Many products which contain sodium hyaluronate have hyaluronic acid written on their label. This is a common mistake due to the similar nature of both substances. However, there are significant differences between them.

Hyaluronic acid is naturally occurring, while sodium hyaluronate is synthesized from hyaluronic acid. Due to this, sodium hyaluronate is more stable than hyaluronic acid.

Hyaluronic acid is also a macromolecule. Its large molecules hydrate the skin by forming a coat that prevents water loss. On the other hand, sodium hyaluronate has smaller molecules than hyaluronic acid. Therefore, its molecules can penetrate the epidermis and provide moisturization from within.

Sodium Hyaluronate’s Uses in Skin Care Products

We use sodium hyaluronate in a wide range of skin care products for various reasons. It is most commonly used as an ingredient in moisturizers due to its ability to retain large amounts of water.

Sodium hyaluronate is also sold alone as sodium hyaluronate powder. The powder can be mixed with water and applied to the skin alone or with other moisturizing products.

Sodium hyaluronate powder is beneficial for people who have dry skin. It acts as a lubricant by absorbing the water from the surroundings while preventing excessive loss of water from the skin.

Dry skin is a problem that typically becomes more pronounced as a person gets older. This is because the body no longer produces hyaluronic acid as it once did when younger. This leads to dryness of the skin and joint pain due to the dryness. Sodium hyaluronate powder can help lubricate the skin and joints without the usual levels of hyaluronic acid.

Due to its ability to absorb water, the application of sodium hyaluronate causes slight swelling of the skin. This swelling makes the skin look lush and supple as an individual gets older.

Apart from moisturizing the skin and lubricating the joints, sodium hyaluronate also has other uses in skincare products, some of which include:

• Makes Wrinkles Less Visible: Sodium hyaluronate powder moisturizes and reduces the visibility of wrinkles when applied to the skin. Wrinkles are usually pronounced when the skin is dry, so moisturizing makes them less visible.
• Helps Stop Skin Inflammation: When applied to the skin, sodium hyaluronate can help in stopping skin inflammation. Using sodium hyaluronate powder on the skin aids in the production of a chemical (beta-defensin 2) that aids in the healing of sore tissues.

Medical Uses of Sodium Hyaluronate

Other than its numerous uses in the skincare industry, Sodium Hyaluronate also has a lot of medical applications.

It is used in the treatment of osteoarthritis in the knee. Osteoarthritis sets in when the joints in the knee are no longer adequately lubricated because the levels of hyaluronic acid being produced are not enough. This leads to stiffness in the knee and pains, especially when walking. Shots of sodium hyaluronate as prescribed by the doctor help lubricate the knee.

Sodium hyaluronate is also used by doctors while performing surgery on the eye. It is mainly used to protect the cornea during surgical procedures on the eye. Reports show that it has no side effects and that operations carried out with sodium hyaluronate yield better results than those performed without it.

It is also used to treat dry eye and rhinitis conditions. Rhinitis occurs when there is inflammation in the nose.

Side Effects

Sodium Hyaluronate has no known side effects. It is safe, especially when used according to a doctor’s prescription. However, some people might have allergic reactions to one or more components. If you notice your skin reacting as you apply sodium hyaluronate, you should stop immediately and see a doctor.

Sodium Hyaluronate Forms

Sodium hyaluronate comes in several forms other than sodium hyaluronate powder. The purpose of use typically determines the method of administering it.

Some of the forms include:

• Gel
• Lotion
• Serum
• Face wash
• Eye drops
• Injection

At Stanford Chemicals, we provide cosmetic-grade Sodium Hyaluronate that is used in the manufacture of top-quality skin care products that moisturize dry skin and remove wrinkles. You can contact us now at (949) 812 6690 or (949) 468 0555 to learn more or place an order.

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